Classifier Structure
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The fuzzy system consists of six subsystems referred to six ROIs. Each subsystem includes two classifiers: one, for younger children, uses the shape and size features and another one, for older children, applies the wavelet features. When both stages of development interfere and all features are available, the outputs of both subsystems are averaged. |
Fuzzy Inference System
Mimics human reasoning by mathematical operations. Processing is performed on fuzzy (approximate) values described by membership functions with added linguistic interpretation.
Knowledge is expressed as set of if-then rules (rule base).
In our application rules link features and bone age, and classes correspond to years of age eg. Class 12 means age is ca. 12.5 years
Details: System creation and parameters
Evaluation of bone age:example
Classification Example
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The accompanying figure shows the results of bone age assessment as they appear in the output window. The system displays:
The radiologist can accept the assessment of the system or choose another value on base of underlining fuzzy assessment. The shape of a fuzzy set yields information about the accuracy of the assessment. |
Interpretation of this case: Distal ROI finger II: bone age matches equally two classes 7 and 8. Middle ROI finger IV: very low membership values suggest untypical or ambiguous values of the features probably due to error in feature extraction (user may verify the extracted ROIS in main window of the program). Other ROI show distinct maxima. The final bone age is 7.51 however the user may shift it a little towards 8, if s/he feels that the defuzzification result is too much influenced by tails of the membership function.